Kepastian Hukum Akta Hibah Wasiat (Legaat) Terkait Dilanggarnya Bagian Mutlak (Legitime Portie) Ahli Waris dan Akibat Hukumnya Menurut Hukum Perdata

Mustikasari Amalia

doi:10.55606/srj-yappi.v4i4.2870

Authors

Mustikasari Amalia Universitas Jayabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55606/srj-yappi.v4i4.2870

Keywords:

Grant Deed, Heir, Legal certainty, Legitime Portie, Testamentary Grant

Abstract

This study examines the legal status, legal certainty, and legal consequences of testamentary deed of gift (hibah wasiat) that violate the forced heirship portion (legitime portie) under the Indonesian Civil Code. The study aims to analyze the legal protection afforded to compulsory heirs (legitimaris) and the legal implications of testamentary gifts that reduce their statutory inheritance rights. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, case, analytical, and conceptual approaches. Legal materials were collected through library research, including legislation, court decisions, and legal literature, and were analyzed using grammatical interpretation, systematic interpretation, and legal construction. The findings indicate that heirs in the direct line are legally entitled to a protected portion of the estate that cannot be eliminated through a testamentary gift. A testamentary deed of gift that infringes upon the legitime portie is not automatically null and void but may be subject to reduction or partial annulment to the extent that it prejudices the rights of compulsory heirs. The legal consequences depend on the compulsory heir’s decision either to accept the testamentary gift or to file a lawsuit seeking enforcement of their statutory inheritance rights. These findings emphasize the importance of protecting compulsory heirs to ensure legal certainty, justice, and fairness in inheritance distribution.

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